山东林业科技

【目的】为解决楸树(Catalpa bungei)良种‘鲁楸3号’传统繁殖方法效率低、成本高的问题，本研究通过建立其组培快繁体系，实现高效育苗。【方法】以‘鲁楸3号’当年生嫩梢为外植体，通过正交试验设计等方法，确定最佳外植体及消毒时间、筛选初代诱导、继代增殖及生根培养的最适培养基和炼苗移栽基质配比，统计相关生长及存活指标。【结果】以水培萌发的嫩芽为外植体，0.1%HgCl₂浸泡8 min为最佳，污染率为3.30%，萌芽率96.70%。通过正交试验优化培养条件，筛选出各阶段最适培养基：初代诱导为MS+6-BA 0.50 mg·L^-1+IBA 0.10 mg·L^-1，诱导芽数达3.60个/外植体；继代增殖为N6+6-BA 0.75 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.15 mg·L^-1，增殖系数达6.20；生根培养为1/2MS+NAA 0.50 mg·L^-1+IBA 0.10 mg·L^-1，生根率92.00%，平均根数10.50条/株。炼苗7 d后移栽至珍珠岩:蛭石:泥炭(1:1:1)基质中，成活率达94%。【结论】本研究建立的‘鲁楸3号’组培快繁体系，可为其工厂化育苗与推广应用提供技术支撑。

【Objective】To solve the problems of low efficiency and high cost of traditional propagation methods for the fine variety Catalpa bungei ‘Luqiu 3', this study aimed to achieve efficient seedling raising by establishing its tissue culture and rapid propagation system.【Method】Taking the current-year young shoots of Catalpa bungei ‘Luqiu 3' as explants, orthogonal experimental design and other methods were used to determine the optimal explants and disinfection time, screen the optimal culture media for primary induction, subculture proliferation and rooting culture, and select the suitable ratio of hardening-off and transplanting substrates. Relevant growth and survival indicators were counted. 【Result】Using buds germinated in hydroponics as explants, soaking in 0.10% HgCl₂ for 8 minutes was the optimal treatment, with a contamination rate of 3.30% and a germination rate of 96.70%. The optimal culture conditions for each stage were screened by orthogonal experiments: the primary induction medium was MS + 6-BA0.50 mg·L^-1+ IBA 0.10 mg·L^-1, with the number of induced buds reaching 3.60 per explant; the subculture proliferation medium was N6 + 6-BA 0.75 mg·L^-1+ NAA 0.15 mg·L^-1, with a proliferation coefficient of 6.20; the rooting medium was 1/2 MS + NAA 0.50 mg·L^-1+ IBA 0.10 mg·L^-1, with a rooting rate of 92.00% and an average number of roots of 10.50 per plant. After 7 days of hardening-off,the seedlings were transplanted into the substrate with perlite:vermiculite:peat(1:1:1), and the survival rate reached 94.00%.【Conclusion】The tissue culture and rapid propagation system of Catalpa bungei ‘Luqiu 3' established in this study can provide technical support for its industrial seedling raising and popularization and application.