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盐碱化作为全球性土地退化问题，严重影响粮食安全、生态平衡与区域可持续发展。本文简明论述了我国盐碱地的分布特征、形成机理以及盐碱地治理的技术与现状，梳理了物理措施（水利工程）、化学改良、农艺措施、生物修复等治理技术及其成效与局限。探讨提出盐碱地治理的发展趋势不再是“彻底”去盐，而是通过生态调控，将盐碱地修复为具有生产或生态服务功能的健康土地系统。盐碱地治理事业正迈向精准化、生态化和产业化的新阶段。
Abstract：Salinization, as a global land degradation issue, severely impacts food security, ecological balance, and regional sustainable development. This article concisely outlines the distribution characteristics, formation mechanisms, and current technologies and status of saline-alkali land in China. It reviews various remediation techniques-such as physical measures(hydroengineering), chemical amelioration, agronomic practices, and bioremediation-along with their efficacy and limitations. The discussion proposes that the future direction of saline-alkali land remediation should shift from "complete" salt removal to ecological regulation,transforming saline-alkali land into a healthy land system with production or ecological service functions. The remediation of salinealkali land is now advancing toward a new phase of precision, ecology, and industrialization.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:S156.4
引用信息:
[1]周健,魏海霞,王峻禄,等.我国盐碱地治理的成效、问题与对策[J].山东林业科技,2026,56(02):24-35.
基金信息:
东营市市校合作资金重点项目“黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地林业综合治理关键技术研究与示范”(SXHZ-2025-02-9)
2026-04-28
2026-04-28